1 Samuel 15:12

Authorized King James Version

And when Samuel rose early to meet Saul in the morning, it was told Samuel, saying, Saul came to Carmel, and, behold, he set him up a place, and is gone about, and passed on, and gone down to Gilgal.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֧ם
rose early
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
#2
לִשְׁמוּאֵ֜ל
And when Samuel
shemuel, the name of three israelites
#3
לִקְרַ֥את
to meet
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#4
שָׁא֤וּל
Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#5
בַּבֹּ֑קֶר
in the morning
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#6
וַיֻּגַּ֨ד
it was told
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#7
לִשְׁמוּאֵ֜ל
And when Samuel
shemuel, the name of three israelites
#8
לֵאמֹ֗ר
saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#9
בָּֽא
came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#10
שָׁא֤וּל
Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#11
הַכַּרְמֶ֙לָה֙
to Carmel
karmel, the name of a hill and of a town in palestine
#12
וְהִנֵּ֨ה
lo!
#13
מַצִּ֥יב
and behold he set him up
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#14
לוֹ֙
H0
#15
יָ֔ד
a place
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#16
וַיִּסֹּב֙
and is gone about
to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
#17
וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔ר
and passed on
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#18
וַיֵּ֖רֶד
and gone down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#19
הַגִּלְגָּֽל׃
to Gilgal
gilgal, the name of three places in palestine

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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